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Battery or alternator? How to tell the difference

A flat battery and a faulty alternator can look exactly the same from the driver’s seat: the car won’t start, or the battery light comes on. But they need very different fixes, and buying a new battery won’t help if the alternator is the real problem.

What each part does

The battery gives your car the burst of power it needs to start. Once the engine is running, the alternator takes over. It powers the electrics and recharges the battery as you drive. If either one fails, you end up stuck.

Signs it’s the battery

  • Slow cranking or clicking, especially on cold mornings
  • The car starts fine after a jump and keeps running normally
  • The battery is more than three years old
  • Swelling, leaks or corroded terminals

Signs it’s the alternator

  • The battery light comes on while you’re driving
  • Headlights brighten and dim with engine speed
  • The car starts after a jump, then dies again a short time later
  • A whining or grinding noise from the front of the engine
  • A brand-new battery keeps going flat

A quick voltage check

If you have a multimeter, these rough readings tell you a lot. Readings vary between cars, so treat them as a guide, not a diagnosis.

Reading Engine What it usually means
12.6V or more Off Battery fully charged
Around 12.4V Off Partly charged, worth watching
Below 12.2V Off Low or failing battery
About 13.7V to 14.7V Running Alternator is charging
Under about 13.2V Running Alternator may not be charging

Why testing first saves you money

A proper test checks the battery under load, the alternator’s output and the starter’s draw. It takes a few minutes and tells you exactly which part has failed. That’s why every RBA callout starts with a test. You see the result and approve the price before we fix anything.

Good to know

A failing alternator can also kill a new battery. If you’ve replaced your battery recently and it’s flat again, ask us to check the charging system.

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